What are the three components of CPU?

 Central Processing Unit (CPU)

CPU is the brain of any computer system. In a human body, all major decisions are taken by the brain and all other parts of the body function as directed by the brain. Similarly, in a computer system all major calculations, manipulations and comparisons are made by CPU. The CPU is also responsible by all other units of the computer system.


component of cpu

  • CU- Control Unit
  • ALU- Arithmetic and logic unit
  • Memory

Control Unit

Control Unit is the "boss" and coordinates all of the CPU's activities.
Uses programming instructions, it controls the flow of information through the processor by controlling what happens inside the processor. We communicate with the computer through programming language.
Examples:- COBOL, C++, HTML, Java script or Visual Basic or .NET. 

Arithmetic and logic unit

All calculations including comparison are made by the ALU. The data and instructions, stored in the primary memory prior to processing are transferred to the ALU where processing take place.

  • Arithmetic operations include addition, subtractions, multiplication, and division's.
  • Logical operations involve comparisons.

Memory

Found on the motherboard. Memory is the place where data is stored.When we access memory, we search for the specific information based on the address.

RAM(Random access memory)

RAM is a read/write memory. Information can be written into and read from a RAM. It is a volatile memory. It retains the stored information as long as it is supplied with power supply. When power supply is switched offer interrupted, the stored information in the RAM is lost. RAM of various capacities are available for example: 256mb, 512mb and so on.
RAM are two types:

  1. STATIC RAM
  2. DYNAMIC RAM 

ROM( Read only memory)

ROM is a permanent type memory. Its contents are not lost when power supply is switched off. The user cannot write into a ROM. Its contents are written into a manufacturing time ROM store permanent programs and other types of data which are needed by the computer to execute user program.


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